Pennsylvania’s One-Eighth Minimum Royalty and Post-Production Costs
Pennsylvania law guarantees a 12.5% minimum royalty. We explain how legal loopholes and the net-back method legally shrink that number.
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Valuation
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The 3/16 Safety Valve: Alabama’s Weird Forced-Pooling Math
Alabama has a unique forced-pooling law. If you say no, the operator can hit you with a 150% penalty—but they still have to pay you a 3/16 royalty.
LegalEducationValuation
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11 on this pageThe Duhig Rule in Texas: Mineral Reservations and Overconveyance
A quirky Texas title rule can automatically erase the minerals you thought your family reserved decades ago. Here is how the math works.
Legal
“Your Check Stub Is a Crime Scene” — North Dakota Makes Bad Royalty Statements a Class B Misdemeanor
North Dakota law gives mineral owners powerful tools to fight bad check stubs, including criminal penalties, audit rights, and high interest rates.
Legal
What Happens to Your Royalties When the Well Depletes?
That massive first royalty check won't last forever. Here is what actually happens as oil and gas wells age, decline, and eventually stop producing.
Education
The Zombie Field Next Door: How Kern County’s Idle Wells Turn Royalties Into Liabilities
Kern County operators are caught between massive idle well fees and drilling bans. Here is how their financial crisis impacts your mineral rights.
Market Trends
The Flat-Rate Curse: How a 1906 West Virginia Lease Turns Into 12.5% And Still Lets the Operator Clip Your Check
West Virginia converted ancient flat-rate leases to a 12.5% royalty to protect mineral owners. But a legal loophole lets operators deduct costs anyway.
Legal
“The Lease That Eats Your Lunch” — 7 Oklahoma Clauses That Quietly Transfer Risk From the Operator to You
You negotiated a great royalty percentage. Then the boilerplate took it back. How Oklahoma oil and gas leases quietly shift costs to mineral owners.
Legal
“The Surface Hostage Note” — How Montana’s Damage Act Lets the Dirt Freeze Your Mineral Deal
In Montana, a mineral owner can be right on paper but stuck in real life. How surface owner rights can stall development and freeze your mineral assets.
Legal
Oklahoma Pooling Elections: Understanding the 20-Day Deadline
Ignore an Oklahoma pooling order and the state makes a default election for you. Here is how the 20-day clock works and why silence costs you money.
Legal
Pennsylvania Minimum Royalty: How Deductions Affect the 12.5% Rate
Pennsylvania law guarantees a 12.5% minimum royalty. So why does your check look closer to 9%? Here is how post-production deductions actually work.
Legal
Colorado Forced Pooling Notices: Deadlines, Costs, and Owner Options
Ignored a lease offer in Colorado? You might be force-pooled as a nonconsenting owner. Here is how silence costs you money and what to do about it.
Legal